Synchronization Concept: In practice however, a propagation delay and other processing delays (Ti) are incurred between the transmitter and the receiver input. Therefore, the code copy used at the receiver may be time-shifted relative to the initial code used at the transmitter. The two codes are no longer in sync or in phase. As the result, the output of the receiver will no longer be identical to the original data d(t). In order to recover the original data, we must "tune" the receiver code sequence to that of the incoming code from the transmitter. In other words, we must deliberately and artificially time-shift the receiver code in order to line it up with the incoming code. (At the receiver, we are artificially compensating or making-up for the delays incurred during transmission.) This process is referred to as synchronization. CODE: AN INTRODUCTION By Dr. Ernest Simo © 1999 DR. ERNEST SIMO - SPACE2000